Dynamic Behavior of a Modernized Passenger Coach for Multimodal Transport: Effect of Wheel Wear and Clearance Optimization
Alizhan A. Apshikur B. Alimkulov M. Goltsev A. Chernavin V. Almas K.
December 2025Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Future Transportation
2025#5Issue 4
This study examines the modernization of the 61-4179 TVZ passenger coach for transporting light automobiles up to 3 tons, addressing the efficiency of multifunctional rail use. The objective was to assess how additional mass–dimensional loading influences strength, load distribution, and the dynamic stability of the vehicle–track system. Finite element simulations in ANSYS Workbench 2021 R2 determined stress distribution, deformations, and safety margins, while multibody dynamics modeling in Universal Mechanism evaluated wheel–rail contact forces, carbody accelerations, and stability coefficients. Field tests on curves with radii of 350 m and 300 m at 60 km/h validated the models. Carbody accelerations were 0.65–0.68 m/s2, below the 0.7 m/s2 regulatory limit; wheelset attack angles remained under 0.01 rad; and derailment safety coefficients were 1.6–1.8, all meeting international standards. Uniform load distribution maintained stability and suppressed oscillations. However, critical scenarios (wheel wear, extreme flange clearance, higher speeds) produced parameters approaching threshold values. To mitigate risks, clearance adjustment per δ0 standards, a 1:20 guard-rail inclination, and optimized crossing profiles are proposed. These measures reduced lateral dynamic forces by 12–15% and raised the strength coefficient by 1.2–1.3. The results confirm technical feasibility, operational safety, and extended service life, supporting sustainable multimodal transport development.
dynamic stability , flange clearance , modernized passenger wagon , multibody dynamics , multimodal transportation , wheel wear , wheel–rail interaction
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Institute of Transport and Construction, M. Tynyshpayev Academy of Transport and Logistics University, Almaty, 050012, Kazakhstan
School of Earth Sciences, D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Ust-Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
School of Architecture, Civil Engineering and Energy, D. Serikbayev East Kazakhstan Technical University, Ust-Kamenogorsk, 070000, Kazakhstan
Institute of Transport and Construction
School of Earth Sciences
School of Architecture
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