Topological thermodynamics and observable signatures of charged black holes in modified gravity
Alipour M.R. Sekhmani Y. Gashti S.N. Afshar M.A.S. Pourhassan B. Sakallı İ. Sadeghi J. Rayimbaev J.
December 2025Elsevier B.V.
Physics of the Dark Universe
2025#50
This study investigates the thermodynamic topology of charged black holes within a Lorentz symmetry violation framework, examining how key parameters influence the distribution and nature of topological charges. By parametrically examining the black hole, we found two distinct topological charges, which sum to zero, indicating Reissner–Nordström phase transitions in the black hole system. Our analysis of charged black holes with Kalb–Ramond field modifications reveals consistent topological patterns that align with established Reissner–Nordström thermodynamic behaviors. The investigation of photon sphere topology demonstrates discrete topological charges that depend on orientation while maintaining fixed total charge across parameter variations. These findings illuminate the intricate relationship between thermodynamic topology and gravitational structures, advancing the classification and stability analysis of black holes subject to Lorentz symmetry violation. Additionally, we analyze vertical and azimuthal frequencies alongside periastron precession rates in charged Kalb–Ramond black hole spacetimes. Our results show that electric charge enhances oscillation frequencies and precession peaks, while Kalb–Ramond coupling mitigates these effects by reducing oscillation rates and precession in the strong-field regime. These modulations are most pronounced near the innermost stable circular orbit and diminish at larger radii, confirming that Kalb–Ramond corrections are localized to the near-horizon region. Such characteristic signatures in quasi-periodic oscillations and orbital precession provide valuable observational probes for testing theoretical extensions to General Relativity that incorporate electromagnetic and Kalb–Ramond fields.
Kalb–Ramond black holes , Lorentz symmetry violation , Photon spheres , Quasi-periodic oscillations , Thermodynamic topology
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School of Physics, Damghan University, P.O. Box 3671641167, Damghan, Iran
Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, P.O. Box 47416-95447, Babolsar, Iran
Center for Theoretical Physics, Khazar University, 41 Mehseti Street, Baku, AZ1096, Azerbaijan
Institute of Nuclear Physics, Ibragimova 1, Almaty, 050032, Kazakhstan
Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Nizwa, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa, 616, Oman
Centre for Research Impact & Outcome, Chitkara University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, 140401, India
Canadian Quantum Research Center, 204-3002 32 Ave, Vernon, BC V1T 2L7, Canada
Physics Department, Eastern Mediterranean University, North Cyprus via Mersin 10, Famagusta, 99628, Turkey
Urgench State University, Kh. Alimjan Str. 14, Urgench, 221100, Uzbekistan
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences, Str. Gavhar 1, Tashkent, 100149, Uzbekistan
National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, 100174, Uzbekistan
Tashkent State Technical University, Tashkent, 100095, Uzbekistan
School of Physics
Department of Physics
Center for Theoretical Physics
Institute of Nuclear Physics
Department of Mathematical and Physical Sciences
Centre for Research Impact & Outcome
Canadian Quantum Research Center
Physics Department
Urgench State University
University of Tashkent for Applied Sciences
National University of Uzbekistan
Tashkent State Technical University
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