Association of soluble PD-L1 and NLR combination with 1-Year mortality in patients with COVID-19
Akhmaltdinova L. Mekhantseva I. Turgunova L. Kostinov M. Zhumadilova Z. Turmukhambetova A.
10 March 2024Elsevier B.V.
International Immunopharmacology
2024#129
Purpose: Understanding the relationship between patient immune characteristics, disease severity, and mortality represents a critical step in the fight against COVID-19. Elevated levels of programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) are linked to increased severity of acute COVID-19 in patients. This study aimed to investigate the association of the combination of sPD-L1 and NLR with 1-year Mortality in patients with COVID-19. Methods: A prospective study was conducted involving patients with COVID-19 in Karaganda, Kazakhstan. The level of sPD-L1 in the blood serum was evaluated by ELISA. The effect of biomarkers on the development of mortality was analyzed with multivariate regression. Results: The risk of mortality within one year HR was 2.46 if the plasma sPD-L1 value of more than 277.13 pg/ml, and for NLR more than 2.46 HR was 2.87. The model of combining sPD-L1 and NLR resulted in an improvement in the predictive accuracy of the Hazard Ratio 7.6 (95 % CI: 3.02–19.11). Conclusion: The combination of two immune-mediated markers (sPD-L1 and NLR), which reflect the systemic inflammatory balance of activation and exhaustion, can complement each other and improve the assessment of the risk of death in patients with COVID-19.
COVID-19 , Humoral and cellular immune response , Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio , Post-COVID Mortality , sPDL‐1
Text of the article Перейти на текст статьи
Karaganda Medical University, Scientific and Research Center, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Department of Epidemiology and Modern Vaccination Technologies, Moscow, Russian Federation
Karaganda Medical University
I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera
10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель
Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026