Optimizing Municipal Solid Waste Pyrolysis for Sustainable Fuel Production: A Review of Technologies and Operating Parameters
Aibuldinov Y. Kopishev E. Lopez G. Safarov R. Muratov R. Berdenov Z. Nuragaliyev N. Sabitov A.
December 2025Engineered Science Publisher
Engineered Science
2025#38
Municipal solid waste (MSW) is a growing global challenge driven by urbanization, consumption, and limited landfill capacity. Pyrolysis offers a promising route to reduce volume while recovering fuels and chemicals. This review synthesizes recent advances in MSW pyrolysis, emphasizing operating parameters, reaction mechanisms, and process optimization. We examine catalytic systems, product distribution, and how source-segregation shifts feedstock composition. Industrial case studies—including failures—are used to surface practical constraints. Beyond technology, economic viability, regulatory compliance, and public acceptance are critical for deployment. We conclude with research priorities to bridge lab-scale progress and sustainable, industrial implementation.
Bio-oil , Circular economy , Energy recovery , Feedstock composition , Municipal solid waste MSW , Pyrolysis , Renewable fuels , Waste-to-energy
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Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Biscay, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Biscay, Bilbao, 48013, Spain
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University, Atyrau, 060011, Kazakhstan
Department of Environmental Management and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Faculty of Natural Sciences, L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, 010000, Kazakhstan
Department of Chemistry, Chemical Technology and Ecology, Kazakh University of Technology and Business, Astana, Kazakhstan
Research Institute of New Chemical Technologies
Department of Chemistry
Department of Chemical Engineering
IKERBASQUE
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology
Department of Environmental Management and Engineering
Faculty of Natural Sciences
Department of Chemistry
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