Microevolution and phylogenomic study of Respiratory Syncytial Virus type A

Ahmad A. Majaz S. Saeed A. Noreen S. Abbas M. Khan B. Rahman H.U. Nouroz F. Xie Y. Rashid A. Rehman A.U.
February 2025 Public Library of Science

PLoS ONE
2025 #20 Issue 2 February

Communal respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes mild to severe illnesses, predominantly in older adults, or people with certain chronic medical conditions, and in children. Symptoms may include rhinorrhea, cough, fever, and dyspnea. In most cases, the infection is mild and resolves on its own, but in some cases, it can lead to more serious illness such as bronchiolitis or pneumonia. The RSV genome codes for ten proteins, NS1, NS2, N, P, M, SH, G, F, M2 and L. We aimed to identify the RSV geographical transmission pattern based on parsimony and investigate hotspot regions across the complete RSV genomes. We employed Viral Evolutionary Network Analysis System on full-length available RSV genomes and with HyPhy for elucidating type of selection pressure. These results indicated that RSV strains circulating in South and North America are not mixed to the European samples, however, genomes reported from Australia are the direct decedents of European samples. Samples reported from the United Kingdom exhibited significant diversity, spanning almost every cluster. This report provides a complete mutational analysis of all the individual RSV genes, and particularly the 31 hotspot substituting regions circulating across the globe in RSV type A samples. Further, protein G and L displayed higher level of codons experienced positive selection. This analysis of RSV type A highlights mutational frequencies across the whole genome, offering valuable insights for epidemiological control and drug development.

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Department of Bioinformatics, Faculty of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hazara University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, Pakistan
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Biological and Health Sciences, Hazara University, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Mansehra, Pakistan
Department of Urology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan
Department of Pediatrics, Tehsil Headquarter Hospital (THQ), Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Dargai, Pakistan
Department of Biology, School of Sciences and Humanities, Nazarbayev University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Higher Education Department, Government of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Government Degree College Ara Khel, F.R Kohat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Kohat, Pakistan

Department of Bioinformatics
Department of Zoology
Department of Urology
Department of Pediatrics
Department of Biology
Higher Education Department

10 лет помогаем публиковать статьи Международный издатель

Книга Публикация научной статьи Волощук 2026 Book Publication of a scientific article 2026