Unassigned Complex Unique Recombinant Forms Related to CRF36_cpx in Children Identified in an HIV-1 Outbreak in Pakistan
Abidi S.H. Siddiqui D. Mahmood S.F. Siddiqui A.R. Nathwani A.A. Hotwani A. Shah S.A. Khan P. Ferrand R.A. Mir F.
October 2022Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
2022#38Issue 10806 - 811 pp.
In 2019, an outbreak of HIV infection predominantly affecting children occurred in Larkana district, Pakistan. This is the largest outbreak ever reported in this age group in Pakistan. In this study, we report two HIV-1 unique recombinant forms identified during the outbreak. Blood samples were collected from HIV-positive children as part of a case-control study to investigate the outbreak. The pol gene was sequenced and used to detect HIV subtype/recombinant forms using subtype, recombination, and phylogenetic analyses. Drug resistance mutation (DRM) analysis was performed to characterize the DRMs in each sequence. We observed the emergence of two unassigned unique recombinant forms related to CRF36_cpx in 15 individuals of the 344 samples collected. Genotype analysis revealed the presence of multiple DRMs associated with resistance to reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The discovery of these unassigned unique recombinant forms in our population highlights the need for comprehensive molecular epidemiological studies to fully understand the distribution and drug resistance patterns to aid control efforts.
children , drug resistance , HIV-1 , Pakistan , unique recombinant form
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Departments of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Departments of Biomedical Sciences, Nazarbayev University, School of Medicine, Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan
Departments of Medicine, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Departments of Community Health Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
Bridge Consultants Foundation, Karachi, Pakistan
Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
Departments of Biological and Biomedical Sciences
Departments of Biomedical Sciences
Departments of Medicine
Departments of Community Health Sciences
Departments of Pediatrics and Child Health
Bridge Consultants Foundation
Department of Clinical Research
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