An Ontological Model for Classification and Detection of Information Attacks in Social Media

Abdygalym B. Adali E. Sambetbayeva M. Yerimbetova A. Kemelova D. Yespaev G.
2025 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.

International Conference on Computer Science and Engineering, UBMK
2025 Issue 2025 1554 - 1557 pp.

The proliferation of information operations on social media, such as disinformation and psychological manipulation, necessitates intelligent tools for their identification and classification. This paper presents an ontological model aimed at the semantic detection of information operations within digital communication platforms. The model formalizes key entities (e.g., source, target audience, emotion, and fake claims) and interrelations (e.g., aimed_at, has_emotion, claims_fakeness), providing a comprehensive framework for analyzing the intent and structure of harmful content. Integrated with natural language processing methods and a military thesaurus (MIL_TERM), the model supports the classification of message types including Disinformation, Provocation, and Intimidation. The ontology is validated using SPARQL queries and reasoning tools (OOPS!, OntoMetric, Pellet), achieving high F1-scores (0.79-0.89) for key categories. Furthermore, the models implementation in an annotation platform (Label Studio) accelerates manual labeling and ensures consistency. This work contributes to the development of intelligent monitoring systems by enabling formal, interpretable, and scalable analysis of information threats in multilingual digital environments.

cybersecurity , fake news detection , information operations , natural language processing , ontology , semantic web , social media analysis

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Institute of Information and Computational Technologies of the Committee of Science, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Almaty, Kazakhstan
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University, Astana, Kazakhstan
Istanbul Technical University, Faculty of Computer and Informatics, Istanbul, Turkey
Sherkhan Murtaza Taraz International Institute of Innovation, Taraz, Kazakhstan
Satpayev University, Department of Software Engineering, Almaty, Kazakhstan

Institute of Information and Computational Technologies of the Committee of Science
L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University
Istanbul Technical University
Sherkhan Murtaza Taraz International Institute of Innovation
Satpayev University

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